Magnetic cut-out apparatus.



No. 822,234. PATENTED JUNE 5, 1906. L. ANDREWS.

MAGNETIC OUT-OUT APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED MAR.13. 1901. RENEWED SEPT. 22, 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

[iiueu for witnesses I I L A A I f' fim No. 822,234. I PATENTED JUNE 5,1906. L. ANDREWS. MAGNETIC GUT-OUT APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.13, 1901. RENEWED SEPT.22;1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

101L621 esses.

PATENTED JUNE 5, 1906.

L. ANDREWS.

I MAGNETIC GUT-OUT APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MARJS. 1901. RENEWED SEPT. 22. 1904.

4 SHEBTS-SHEBT 3.

fizvenlb r No. 822,234, PATENTED JUNE 5, 1906.

' I L. ANDREWS.

MAGNETIC GUT-OUT APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MABJS. 190i. RENEWED SEPT. 22. 1904.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

witnesses.

lat v 611 [F1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEONARD ANDREWS, HASTINGS, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO STANLEY ELECTRIC MANUFACTURING COMPANY. A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

I I Application filed March 1 1901- To all, whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, LEONARD ANDREWS, a subject oi the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Hastings, England,-have-in.

Y vented Improvements inMagnetic-lOut-Out ed to make or break connection in an outgoing lead, an electromagnetic device having a series coil orcoils adapted to be arranged in the said lead, a shunt. coil or coils adapted to be connected "across the mains, and a magnetic core or cores, and operating mechanism arranged between the core or cores and the switch, the series and the shunt coils being so proportioned and arranged that a magnetic pull will be exerted in one direction upon the core or cores with energy supplied from the generating-station and a magnetic pull in the other direction with energy supplied in the'reverse direction, but that the core or cores will not act to open the circuit so long as energy below, at, or above the normal amount is being supplied from the generating-station nor when the supply is cut ofi, but will act to open the switch if energy be supplied in the reverse direction.

In the specification of Letters Patent numbered 638,084, dated November 28, 1899, and granted to me, cut-out apparatus of the above-mentioned kind is described, in which the switch has a constant tendency to open the circuit, but is normally prevented from so doing by means of a device that comprises a magnetic core or armature mounted to turn about a center and havin'ga winding that is so disposed in relation to the other or series winding and core as to constitute a shuntmotor. The movable core is mechanically connected to a device for releasing a weight or spring which is arranged to operate the switch adapted to make and break the circuit to whichit isapplied, and the two windings are so relatively arranged that one winding'i-. e., the shunt-produces a field normally at right angles toand within the field produced by the other windingt. 6., the main or series winding' the combined influence of the two windings upon the movable core tending to move it in one direction in the case of energy supplied by the generator Specification of Letters Patent.

MAGNETIC cur-our APPARATUS..

Patented June 5, 1906.

Renewed September 22,1904. Serial No. 225,457.

under protection and in the reverse direction in the case of a tendency to supply energy thereto. Now this construction of apparatus" involves the use of flexible connections to lead the current into and out of the winding on the movable core or armature; and this invention has for its object, inter alia, to obviate the use of such flexible connections, which have proved in practice to be a source of trouble.

' In magnetic cut-out apparatus according to this invention both the series and the shunt coils are mounted on the stationary portion'of the magnetic cut-out device, the core, which is separate from the shunt-coil, being so constituted or arranged as to be moved in one direction about its axis against a stop with a supply of energy and to be moved in the reverse direction with a return of energy. The magnetic circuit or circuits may have any suitable'form, but must be such that when energy is being supplied the core will be so moved that it will tend to be pressed against the stop, but when the series current is reversed relatively tothe current in the shunt-winding then the movement of the core will tend to release the switch.

In the accompanying illustrative drawings, v

Figure l is a vertical section, and Fig. 2 a partial front elevation, partly in section, of a return-current cut-out of the kind referred to. Fig. 3 is a partial end elevation-of the device with the windings removed. Figs. 4 and .5 are views similar to Figs. 1 and 2' of a modification, and Figs. 6 and 7 are diagrammaticwiews of further modifications. L

In the example shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 a knock-out device 1 is mounted in bearings 2 on a bracket 3, secured to a base-plate 4, which is held in a vertical position against a slate slab 5 or othersuitable support. The knock-out device '1 is adapted, by means of a pin 1 and a lever .1", provided with an abutment 1 for the pin 1, to move the blade of the switchcarrying the metal contacts arranged to be forced between met'alcontacts fixed to the slate slab 5, the arrangement being such that when the fixed and movable formed at its outer end with a catch or projection 7,, The device 1' is normally locked or prevented from moving by a pivoted catchlever 8, which is held in the locking position by a partially-rotatable body 9, whic is connected with the core actuated by the shunt winding, the connection between the catch lever 8 and the rotary body 9 being such that no amount of pressure on the device 1 will tend to move the body 9 around its axis, but that when electrically operated the body 9 will not have to lift or do any work on the lever 8. The rotary body 9 is normally ulled in the direction of the arrow at an held I against astop 10 by suitably weighting the said body, as by a counterweight. The catch-lever 8 is pivoted at 11 and provided with a tooth or catch 12, that engages the catch 7 on the arm 6,. and so holds up thed'evice 1, which when released will fall and open the circuit. I

The series coil 13 is wound on a suitable former'into the form of a skein or elongated loop and is supported at each end by a bobbin-shapedinsulator 14, which is threaded on a bolt 14*, secured to the slate slab 5. Each of the insulators 14 is made in two parts, as shown in Fig. 3, so as to facilitate the placing of the coil 13 in position.

coil 13 are covered by insulating material 13, around which two pieces of sheet-iron 15 are bent so as partially to surround the'opposite straight portions of the coil and form the cores of two horseshoe-electromagnets, the poles of which are formed by the edges 15. of the pieces or cores 15, which project beyond the sides ofthe coil 13. These poles 15 are bent "first inward and then outward, so as to be convex to the opposite pole of the pair, as shown in Fig. 1. The iron cores 15 and the insulation 13 are secured in position on the coil 13 by means of a air of trough-shaped brass clamps 16, whidh brace the external surfaces of the two opposite straight por-' tions of the coil and toward the bottom and top walls of which the coil 13, cores 15, and insulation 13 are pressed by two pieces of wood 17, that are forced outwardly by taper brass bolts 18.

The shunt-winding 19 is in the form of two coilsof elongated shape mounted on insulators 20, which are screwed to the outer side of a brass plate 21, that is carried by the bolts 14? of the insulators 14, the plate 21 and the insulators 14, carrying the series coil 13, being secured to the bolts 14: by means of nuts 22. The partially-rotatable body 9 is of brass and segmental and issupported by pivot-screws 23, having bearings in lugs 24, projecting outward from the plate 21. The Jody 9 carries an approximately horseshoeshaped sheet-iron piece 25, which forms the core. The'ends of the iron core pass through slots 26 in the brass plate 21 and between the poles 15 of the twoelectromagnets. The

The two opposite straight portions of the series of the electromagnets.

body 9 is provided with a counterweight 27 and with the projection 9, against which normally rests a roller 28, mounted on the end of the catch-lever 8. One end of the core 25 is nearer'to the inner than to the outer of the poles 15' of the corres onding electromagnet, and the other end of t e core 25 is nearer to the outer pole 15 of the other electromagnet than to the inner pole thereof when the body 9 is in its normal position in order to tend to rotate the body 9 about its axis and press it against the stop 10. In lieu of this arrangement the body 9 may be so weighted as to cause it to press against the stop 10; but this arrangement is not so advantageous, as each of the ends of the core 25 is then equidistant from the poles of the respective electromagnet. The position of the cores 15 and 25 is such that contact between them is obviated.

In the modification shown in Figs. 4 and 5 the series winding 13 is zigzag and each of the opposite straight portions of the windin is partially surrounded by horseshoe-shape pieces of iron 15". The pieces of iron 15 form the cores of electromagnets, as in the example hereinb'efore described; but in the present case there are three electromagnets, each of which is secured at its rear side. to a base-plate on the slate slab 5. The movable body 9 carries two approximately horseshoe-shaped iron pieces 25 which are placed one on the top of the other and of which two of the legs which are in close -contact pass through the s ace between the straight portions of the s unt-winding 19*, which is in the form of a single elongated loop and is carried by a plate-21 with slots 26 through which the legs of the horseshoe iron pieces 25 extend, so as to be between the poles 15.

It will be seen that the series winding 13 can be made of a single strip of copper, or a number of turns of smaller wire may-be wound on a former in the shape of a figure 8 and connected up by its free ends, as shown by 13*, and also that, as shown, air insulation can be employed and solid insulating material entirely dispensed with for insulating the series winding from its core-pieces 15*. I

In the example shown in Fig. 6 the partially-rotatable body comprises two areshaped pieces of soft iron 25, secured in diametrically opposite positions on a non-magnetic body 9, mounted on an axle 23, and the stationary portion of the device is an annular magnet 15 having two pairs of poles 15 and 25 on lines at right angles to each other and passing through the axis of the armature, one pair 15 of these poles having on them the series winding 13 and the other pair 25 carrying the shunt-winding 19. The arrangement of the stop 10 is such that when the body 9 is in its normal position against the stop its pieces of soft iron 25 will be out of symmetry in relation to the poles-15 and I The above devices are suitable for either direct or alternating currents. i

Fig. 7 shows an example of an ap aratus suitable for use in connection with a ternating currents. In such a device the partiallyrotatable body 9 is made of a single piece and has wound upon it one or more shortcircuited coils 30, in which a current will be induced tending to rotate the body 9 in one or the, other direction, according to Whether energy be passing to or from the generator to be protected. The relative phases of the currents tionary series winding, horseshoe shapedcores within and excited by said winding, two 3o stationary shunt-windings of an elongated form, and a movable horseshoeshaped core extending through said shunt-coils and so arranged that when the current is abnormal it tends to rotate relatively to the series wind- 3. Out-out apparatus comprising a stationary series winding, a stationary shuntwindin each of elongated form, and secured to insu ating material, a partially-rotatable body, horseshoe-shaped cores extendingin opposite directions through said windingsone of said cores being fixed and the other secured to said rotatable body, a trip device,

means for engaging said rotatable body to said trip device and adapted tokeep said body stationary under normal conditions but to release it when the current is abnormal winding, horseshoe-shaped cores carried by and allow it to rotate under the influence of the cores.

4. ;A cut-out apparatus comprising fixed and movable contacts, a loaded knock-out device,,a trip device adapted to control the said knock-out device, a stationary series said winding, stationary shunt-coils, and a movable horseshoe-shaped core extending through said shunt-coils and extending adjacent the cores carried by the series windings,

and a device operated bysaid movable core for releasing said trip device, substantially as described.

5. A cut-out apparatus comprising fixed and movable contacts, a loaded knock-out apparatus, a trip device adapted to control mg, and a movable scribed. 9. A cut-out apparatus, comprising a-stathe said knockout device, a stationary series winding, horseshoe-sha ed cores carried thereby, two elongated s mint-windings, a horseshoe-shaped core passing through both of-said shunt-windings and extending between the cores of the series winding, and a member carried by the movable core adapted to hold and release 6, A cut out apparatus comprising knockout mechanism, a stationary series winding, stationary sliu'ntrwindings, horseshoe-shaped stationary cores carried by the series winding,-

said trip device, substantially as described.- v

a horseshoe-shaped partially-rotatable core 7 passing through the shunt-windings and havlng its ends extendin between the ends of the cores carried by t e series windin and means carried -b the 'rotatable core FOI 'IPr leasing .the knoc -out mechanism, substan tially as described; v

.'7. A cut-out apparatus comprising a stationary series winding, stationary shuntwindings, stationary cores carried by the series winding, a partially-rotatable core assing through the shunt-windings, a weig tedmember carried by said core, a weighted knock-out device, and means carried by said weighted member for releasing the knockout apparatus, substantially as described.

8. A cut-out apparatus comprising astationary series winding, stationary shunt windings, astationary core carried by the series winding, a' partially-rotatable core passing through the shunt-windings, a pivot- A ed weighted member carried by the rotatable core, a pivoted knock-out apparatus, and means carried by the weighted member for holding the weighted knock-out a parat'us, in "a vertical position, substantial y as detionary series winding, stationary shuntwindings, a stationary core carried by the se ries winding, a partially-rotatable core pass ing through the shunt-windings, a pivoted weighted member carried, by the partiallyrotatable core, a curved arm carried by-the pivoted weighted member, a pivoted weight-' ed knock out member, a pivoted sprmgressed catch carried by the lower end of said lZnock-out member, anda pivoted catch having its upper end in engagement with the spring-pressed catch and its lower end under the curved, arm carried by said member car-' ried by the partially-rotatable core, substan tially' as described. 10. A cut-out apparatus comprising a stationary series winding, two stationary shuntyvindin s mounted in proximity thereto and a mova le core having twofrec ends extending through said shunt-windings. I 4

11. A cut-out apparatus comprising a stationary series win ing, two stationary shunt- Windings mounted in proximity thereto, a

movable core having two free ends extending through said shunt-windings, and circuitcontrolling means actuated by said core.

12. A cut-out apparatus biased to open when closed, a stationary series winding, stationary shunt-windings, a movable core for said shunt-windings having two free ends extending through said shunt-windings, and means actuated thereby to trip said apparatus to allow it to open.

13. A cut-out apparatus comprising a stationary series winding, stationary shuntwindings, cores for said windings one of which has its two free ends extending through said shunt-windings, said cores bein relatively movable in response to directiona changes of current-flow in said windings, means for restraining their movement in one direction, and circuit-controlling means actuated by their movement in the other.

Signed at Hastings, in the county of Sussex, England, this '1st day of March, 1901.

LEONARD ANDREWS. Witnesses:

H. A. PEARorI, HERBERT J. BURTON.- 

